Messier 82 - Ursa Major
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Es muy caracaterística su región central muy brillante y de un tono rojizo. M82 emite tanto ondas de radio como rayos X, lo que puede implicar que algo de naturaleza aún desconocida ocurre en su seno.
M82 - La galaxia del cigarro - en la IA
Messier 82 (M82), also known as the Cigar Galaxy, is a starburst galaxy located in the constellation Ursa Major. It's one of the brightest galaxies in the sky and is easily observed with binoculars or a small telescope. Here's a breakdown of what makes it so interesting:
Key Features & Characteristics:
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Starburst Galaxy: M82 is experiencing an exceptionally high rate of star formation, much higher than a typical galaxy like our Milky Way. This intense activity is fueled by interactions with its larger neighbor, Messier 81 (M81).
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Irregular Shape: The strong gravitational interaction with M81 has distorted M82's shape, giving it a highly irregular and elongated appearance. This contrasts with the more orderly spiral structure of M81.
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Superwind: The intense star formation in M82's core is driving a powerful "superwind" of gas and dust out of the galaxy. This outflow is visible as a reddish haze extending far above and below the galactic plane. It's thought to be a key mechanism for regulating star formation within the galaxy and enriching the intergalactic medium.
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Abundant Dust: M82 is rich in dust, which absorbs and scatters visible light, creating prominent dark lanes and filaments across its face.
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Central Supermassive Black Hole: Like most large galaxies, M82 is believed to host a supermassive black hole at its center. While not as actively feeding as those in quasars, it likely plays a role in the galaxy's dynamics.
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Proximity: M82 is relatively close to us, at a distance of about 12 million light-years. This proximity allows astronomers to study its starburst activity and superwind in detail.
Why is M82 so interesting to scientists?
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Understanding Star Formation: M82 serves as a "local laboratory" for studying the processes of star formation under extreme conditions. Its high star formation rate allows astronomers to probe the triggers, environments, and consequences of rapid star birth.
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Galaxy Evolution: By studying M82's interaction with M81, scientists gain insights into how galaxy interactions and mergers shape galaxy evolution. These interactions can dramatically alter the star formation rate, morphology, and gas content of galaxies.
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Superwinds and the Intergalactic Medium: M82's superwind provides a nearby example of how galaxies can expel material into the intergalactic medium (the space between galaxies). These outflows play a crucial role in the chemical enrichment of the intergalactic medium and the overall distribution of matter in the universe.
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Supernova Discoveries: Due to its high star formation rate, M82 is a prime target for supernova searches. The proximity and relatively unobscured view have allowed astronomers to observe several supernovae in M82 in recent years.
How to Observe M82:
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Location: Find the Big Dipper (Ursa Major). M82 and M81 are located near the "bowl" of the Dipper.
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Binoculars: Even with binoculars, you should be able to see M82 as a faint, elongated smudge of light near the brighter M81.
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Telescopes: A small telescope will reveal more detail, including the galaxy's irregular shape and hints of the dark dust lanes. Larger telescopes can reveal even finer structures and the reddish glow of the superwind.
In summary, Messier 82 is a fascinating and well-studied galaxy that provides valuable insights into star formation, galaxy interactions, and the evolution of the universe.
Más información sobre Messier 82 en NASA/IPAC.
Mapa alrededor de Messier 82
Otros identificadores de M82:
"RFC J0955+6940" ,"FL8Y J0955.7+6940" ,"PCCS1 030 G141.43+40.58" ,"2MFGC 7685" ,"S4 0951+699" ,"1AXG J095549+6940" ,"1Jy 0951+69" ,"1Jy 0951+699" ,"2E 2197" ,"3C 231.0" ,"3C 231" ,"3CR 231" ,"4C 69.12" ,"4U 1004+70" ,"APG 337" ,"BWE 0951+6954" ,"DA 277" ,"GB6 B0951+6955" ,"HIJASS J0955+69B" ,"INTREF 396" ,"IRAS F09517+6954" ,"IRAS 09517+6954" ,"KPG 218b" ,"LEDA 28655" ,"M 82" ,"MCG+12-10-011" ,"NAME UMa A" ,"NGC 3034" ,"NRAO 341" ,"NVSS J095551+694046" ,"PRC D-13" ,"QSO B0951+699" ,"RAFGL 1388" ,"RBS 809" ,"RX J095550+69406" ,"S4 0951+69" ,"UGC 5322" ,"UT 0951+699" ,"WB 0951+6954" ,"Z 333-8" ,"[B93] 14" ,"[DML87] 745" ,"[DSL2000] 0951+700" ,"[R97] NGC 3031 1" ,"[RPS97] NGC 3034 2" ,"[SPS97] 8" ,"[VDD93] 100" ,"[WZX98] 09517+6954" ,"2MASX J09555243+6940469" ,"1E 0951+69.8" ,"1ES 0951+69.9" ,"1RXS J095550.4+694052" ,"2E 0951.7+6955" ,"87GB 095143.5+695452" ,"CXOM82 J095549.7+694043" ,"RGB J0955.9+6940" ,"RX J0955.8+6940" ,"WN B0951.7+6954" ,"WN B0951.7+6954A" ,"Z 0951.7+6955" ,"[CHM2007] HDC 552 J095552.43+6940469","[CHM2007] LDC 842 J095552.43+6940469","[M98c] 095145.3+695511" ,"[TSA98] J095541.25+693927.31" ,"[ZEH2003] RX J0955.8+6940 1" ,"UZC J095557.0+694110" ,"PSCz Q09517+6954" ,"1FGL J0956.5+6938" ,"PBC J0955.7+6941" ,"PLCKERC -100 G141.42+40.57" ,"JVAS J0955+6940" ,"[BAG2012] 148.9211+69.6846" ,"2FGL J0955.9+6936" ,"SDSS J095551.73+694048.6" ,"WMAP J0955+6940" ,"6C 095143+695502" ,"7C 095143.50+695500.00" ,"8C 0951+699" ,"RGB J0955+696" ,"[CAB95] IRAS F09517+6954" ,"VLSS J0955.8+6940" ,"[NKB95] N3034" ,"NAME Cigar Galaxy" ,"3FGL J0955.4+6940" ,"SWIFT J0956.1+6942" ,"TeV J0955+696" ,"3FHL J0955.8+6939" ,"9Y-MST J0955+6939" ,"4FGL J0955.7+6940" ,
